Quick Diff b/w Selenium IDE,RC & Webdriver

Difference Between Selenium IDE , RC And WebDriver

Android Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is android?

A.Android is a stack of software for mobile devices which has Operating System, middleware and some key applications. The application executes within its own process and its own instance of Dalvik Virtual Machine. Many Virtual Machines run efficiently by a DVM device. DVM executes Java language byte code which later transforms into .dex format files.

2. What are the advantages of Android?

A. The following are the advantages of Android: * The customer will be benefited from wide range of mobile applications to choose, since the monopoly of wireless carriers like AT&T and Orange will be broken by Google Android. * Features like weather details, live RSS feeds, opening screen, icon on the opening screen can be customized * Innovative products like the location-aware services, location of a nearby convenience store etc., are some of the additive facilities in Android. Components can be reused and replaced by the application framework. * Optimized DVM for mobile devices * SQLite enables to store the data in a structured manner. * Supports GSM telephone and Bluetooth, WiFi, 3G and EDGE technologies * The development is a combination of a device emulator, debugging tools, memory profiling and plug-in for Eclipse IDE.

3. Explain about the exceptions of Android?

A.The following are the exceptions that are supported by Android * InflateException : When an error conditions are occurred, this exception is thrown * Surface.OutOfResourceException: When a surface is not created or resized, this exception is thrown * SurfaceHolder.BadSurfaceTypeException: This exception is thrown from the lockCanvas() method, when invoked on a Surface whose is SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS * WindowManager.BadTokenException: This exception is thrown at the time of trying to add view an invalid WindowManager.LayoutParamstoken.

4. Describe the APK format.

A.The APK file is compressed the AndroidManifest.xml file, application code (.dex files), resource files, and other files. A project is compiled into a single .apk file.

5. What is .apk extension?

A.The extension for an Android package file, which typically contains all of the files related to a single Android application. The file itself is a compressed collection of an AndroidManifest.xml file, application code (.dex files), resource files, and other files. A project is compiled into a single .apk file.

6. What is .dex extension?

A.Android programs are compiled into .dex (Dalvik Executable) files, which are in turn zipped into a single .apk file on the device. .dex files can be created by automatically translating compiled applications written in the Java programming language.

7. Explain the Architecture of Android ?

A. Top -> Applications (Contacts, Browser, Phone, etc)

Below Applications -> Application Framework(Activity Manager, Window Manager, Content Providers, View System, Package manager, Telephony manager, Resource, Notification, Location managers)

Below Application Framework -> System Libraries(Like Sqlite, webkit, SSL, OpenGL, Media Framework etc) & Android Runtime( Core Libraries and DVM).

Atlast Last -> Linux Kernel (which composed of drivers like display, camera etc.)

8. What is an activity?

A. A single screen in an application, with supporting Java code. An activity presents a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake. For example, an activity might present a list of menu items users can choose from or it might display photographs along with their captions.

9. What is a service?

A.A service doesn’t have a visual user interface, but rather runs in the background for an indefinite period of time. For example, a service might play background music as the user attends to other matters, or it might fetch data over the network or calculate something and provide the result to activities that need it.Each service extends the Service base class.

10. How to Remove Desktop icons and Widgets?

A. Press and Hold the icon or widget. The phone will vibrate and on the bottom of the phone you will see anoption to remove. While still holding the icon or widget drag it to the remove button. Once remove turns red drop the item and it is gone

11. Describe a real time scenario where android can be used?

A .Imagine a situation that you are in a country where no one understands the language you speak and you can not read or write. However, you have mobile phone with you.

12. How to select more than one option from list in android xml file? ********

 A. Give an example. Specify android id, layout height and width as depicted in the following example.

13. What languages does Android support for application development?

A.Android applications are written using the Java programming language.

14. Describe Android Application Architecture?

A.Android Application Architecture has the following components: • Services – like N • Intent – To perform inter-communication network Operation between activities or services • Resource Externalization – such as strings and graphics • Notification signaling users – light, sound, icon, notification, dialog etc

15. What is the Android Open Source Project?

A. We use the phrase “Android Open Source Project” or “AOSP” to refer to the people, the processes, and the source code that make up Android. 18. Why did we open the Android source code? A .Google started the Android project in response to our own experiences launching mobile apps. We wanted to make sure that there would always be an open platform available for carriers, OEMs, and developers to use to make their innovative ideas a reality. We also wanted to make sure that there was no central point of failure, so that no single industry player could restrict or control the innovations of any other. The single most important goal of the Android Open-Source Project (AOSP) is to make sure that the open-source Android software is implemented as widely and compatibly as possible, to everyone’s benefit.

16. What is the Guardian app for Android?

A.The Guardian app for Android delivers all the best content from guardian.co.uk to your phone or tablet. Read the latest news, sport, comment and reviews, watch video, listen to brodcasts and browse stunning picture galleries while on the move.

17. What features does it have?

A .- Navigate by section, topic or contributor - Download your homepage and favourites for offline reading with the touch of a button, or schedule a daily download for a time that suits you - Browse our award-winning audio and video content - Save contributors, topics and sections to your favourites folder - Add favourites to your homescreen with an expanded view or link - Swipe through stunning full-screen picture galleries - Share articles and galleries via the Android share function - View content in portrait or landscape orientation

18. Will it work on my phone?

A.The app will work on all phones and tablets running Android version 1.6 and above.

19. How much does it cost?

A.The app is free and ad-supported.

20. How do I save the app to my SD card?

A. From the device's Settings menu, go to Applications > Manage applications > The Guardian. Under the data header, choose "Move to SD card".

21. How do I add sections to my favourites?

A. It is possible to add sections, topics and contributors to your favourites. You can add to favourites by tapping the star icon in the top right hand corner of the relevant screens, or on the right hand side of the headers in the all sections menu.

22. How do I remove sections from my favourites?

A. From the favourites menu, tap the red icons to the left hand side of the items. Alternatively, tap the star icon in the top right hand corner of the relevant screen so that it returns to its white state.

23. What is Mono for Android?

A. Mono for Android is a software development kit that allows developers to use the C# language to create mobile applications for Android-based devices.Mono for Android exposes two sets of APIs, the core .NET APIs that C# developers are familiar with as well as a C# binding to Android's native APIs exposed through the Mono.Android.* namespace.You can use Mono for Android to develop applications that are distributed through the Android Application Stores or to deploy software to your personal hardware or the Android simulator.

24. What is included in Mono for Android?

A. Mono for Android consists of the core Mono runtime, the Mono for Android bindings to the native Android APIs, a Visual Studio 2010 plugin to develop Android applications and an SDK that contains the tools to build, debug and deploy your applicationsOur Visual Studio 2010 plugin allows developers to use Visual Studio 2010 to develop, debug and deploy their applications to an Android simulator, an Android device, or the Android Application Store. Our MonoDevelop IDE also ships an addin to support Mono for Android development.

25. What do I need to develop Mono for Android applications?

A. Mono for Android on Windows provides a plugin for Visual Studio 2010 Professional or better. We also support Mono for Android development using MonoDevelop on Windows for users that do not own a copy of Visual Studio 2010 Professional or better.Mono for Android on Mac developers can use MonoDevelop.On all platforms, Mono for Android requires the Android SDK (which requires Java JDK).

26. Will my users need to install Mono?

A. No, When you deploy your application to the app store the Mono mobile runtime is statically linked to your application. No additional dependancies are needed. From the users point of view, there is no difference between an application created in Java and an application created using Mono for Android, other than a slightly larger (~4.4MB) application size.

27. Where is the UI Designer?

A. Mono for Android does not bundle a UI designer to create the UI XML files We do not provide an integrated UI designer in Mono for Android 1.0. No decisions past that have been made. We will be listening to user feedback to decide where to put resources for the future versions.

28. How is Mono for Android licensed?

A. Mono for Android is a commercial/proprietary offering that is built on top of the open source Mono project and is licensed on a per-developer basis.

29. What is the API profile exposed by Mono for Android?

A. Mono for Android uses the same API profile for the core libraries as MonoTouch.Specifically, MonoTouch and Mono for Android both support a Silverlight-based API, without Silverlight's UI libraries (e.g. no XML, no WindowsBase.dll, etc.), and free of the sandboxing limitations of Silverlight.

30. Are the Android releases available in a ROM?

A. No, Android is not yet available in a ROM format.Currently Android is installed by using a clean SD Card, and booted from there.It is booted by running a special application called 'Haret.exe' residing on your SD Card which will terminate the Windows kernel and boot into Linux/Android.It can't easily be run from ROM because a) it's too experimental to risk putting in ROM and then killing a device and b) WinMo does some hardware initialization that isn't documented, but is needed before Android can run.

31. When will it be available in a ROM?

A. No time soon. Folks are working on it, but you'll need a lot of patience before it (if ever) arrives

32. How do I turn off, or reboot Android?

A. In earlier releases, you had to pull the battery or press the reset button, in newer releases, you can hold down the 'end call' button and see a menu.

33. Should we jump in to Android? What’s the guarantee that’s what I will see on a phone? Will service providers turn off things?

A. Keep in mind it hasn’t shipped yet, this is the most interesting time. Once it is open source, it could be locked down… they could create a derivative work.
We’re going to provide a piece of technology that tests the APIs. No time frame yet. The script will exercise the system. It’s a compatibility test suite, to make sure nothing got disabled or broken by accident, and also ensure that apps will work across OEMs.

34. What if my app uses location API, and service provider shuts that off, can they?

A. They can do that… it’s not a perfect world. Rather than having us dictate what carriers and OEMs support, we let developers develop killer apps that will require it.
We want to ensure all the application development that goes on for Android… we want to give OEMs an incentive to keep things open. It’s a positive, self fulfilling vision.

35.If I’m a game developer and I’m building piece of content and I want to sell it, how do I do that and realize revenue?

A. Content distribution — we’ve thought of that. It’d be great if there were a place where people could go to safely download and pay for content.

36. We use SMS interception for system signalling. Is there a mechanism for an app to respond and stop the signaling chain? Is there security around that so that one vendor can’t hijack a message and respond to it?

A. There’s a mechanism where an application can register to receive a message with a certain signature and prevent others from getting it. We have a system of permissions apps are able to declare, enforce, and require to perform certain operations. Things like dial the phone, get to contacts, etc.. But these aren’t things that are baked in the core of the system. An arbitrary app could declare custom permissions.
As far as restricting another app, the model we’ve been going by… the phone is not controlled by the application vendor, it’s controlled by the user. Whether or not the permissions are granted is up to the user that owns the phone. If you created a protocol that intercepts an SMS and another party wrote an app that intercepts the same SMS and the user wants to use that, the user could be free to stick that in.

37. Can the user set a priority?

A. Don’t know, post your question to the developer’s community board.

38. In a previous release, XMPP was turned into GTalk. Will a future version have XMPP?

A. Goal is to have XMPP support after 1.0. [Later they said both GTalk and XMPP were post 1.0 features. -Ed]

39. What’s so special about Android?

A. Unlike the proprietary iPhone operating system (now known as "iOS,"), which is under the complete control of Apple — and the same goes for Research in Motion’s BlackBerry OS or Microsoft’s Windows Phone platform — Google released Android as an open-source OS under the auspices of the Open Handset Alliance, leaving phone manufacturers (relatively) free to tweak Android as they see fit for a given handset.
That’s one thing that’s special about Android. Another thing is that it just happens to be a really good OS, the first one in the post-iPhone wireless era to really give Apple a run for its money. Android may not be as sleek or polished as iOS (that’s my humble opinion, at least), but it’s fast and powerful, with an intuitive user interface that’s packed with options and flexibility. It’s also being constantly improved courtesy of the big brains at Google, making the Android experience sleeker by the day.

40. Are Android phones called "Droids"?

A. Not necessarily. "Droid" is a brand name used by Verizon Wireless for its Android-based phones — the Droid X, the Droid Eris, the Droid Incredible and so on. The HTC Evo 4G on Sprint is not a "Droid," per se, but it’s still an Android smartphone.

41. Why would I (potentially) choose an Android phone over an iPhone?

A. Well, for a variety of reasons — although I should point out that I’m actually a fan of both operating systems. (Sorry to disappoint the smartphone flame warriors out there.)
One reason to go the Google way is that Android phones boast tight integration with Google services like Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Contacts and Google Voice — perfect for anyone who uses Google for all their e-mails, contacts and events. Indeed, one of the coolest things about Android phones is that the first time you fire one up, you enter your Google user name and password, and voila: All your Google messages, contacts and other info start syncing into your new handset automatically, no desktop syncing needed.
Android is also far more open when it comes to applications. Whereas Apple takes a "walled garden" approach to its App Store, Google won’t restrict you from installing apps that aren’t featured in its official Android Marketplace. iPhone users, on the other hand, must "jailbreak" their phones if they want to install apps that weren’t approved by Apple for inclusion in the App Store.
Last but not least, because Android is open to all manufacturers, a wide variety of Android phones are available to choose from — big and small, souped-up and pared-down, some with slide-out keyboards (good luck convincing Steve Jobs to put a slide-out QWERTY on the iPhone) and some that are all-touchscreen, all the time. Indeed, in the past few months, a new Android phone has debuted practically every week, while we only get a single new iPhone each year.

42. What are the downsides of Android?

A. Well, if you ask me, the Android OS isn’t quite as forgiving to wireless beginners as the iPhone is. Setting up your e-mail, contacts and calendar on Android is a breeze (if you’re all about Gmail, that is), but when it comes to, say, your music and videos, you’re on your own with Android, which lacks an official media syncing client for the desktop. With the iPhone, you do all your syncing on easy-to-use iTunes, which also lets you manage your e-mail accounts, contacts, apps and photos. Then again, you can only use iTunes for syncing the iPhone, while Android users have a variety of third-party options.
That’s just one example, but in general, Android gives you more options and choices about how you manage your phone and your mobile content — great for experienced and advanced users, but potentially intimating for new mobiles.
On the other hand, while beginners might appreciate the (usually) smooth, user-friendly experience that Apple has devised for the iPhone, advanced users may (and often do) get frustrated by Apple’s tight control over what they can and can't do on the iPhone. It’s a trade-off, plain and simple, and your choice of platform depends on what’s right for you.

43. What’s up with all these different versions of Android, like "Donut," "Cupcake" and "Froyo"?

A. Just as Apple does with iOS, Google continually updates Android with cool new features, leading to one "point" upgrade after another.
The most recent version of Android is 2.2, code-named "Froyo" (for frozen yogurt, yum), adds features such as native USB tethering (for sharing your Android phone’s data connection with a laptop via a USB cable), mobile hotspot functionality (which turns your phone into a portable Wi-Fi hotspot that works with nearby Wi-Fi
devices) and — perhaps most important — support for Flash, meaning that Flash-powered videos and modules that (notoriously) don’t work on the iPhone will work on the Android Web browser.
Before 2.2 Froyo, we had version 2.1, which added "live" animated wallpaper, new home screen icons and widgets (tiny apps for the home screen), speech-to-text functionality (for e-mail and text messages, for example), full-on multitouch (for pinch-to-zoom gestures), and an updated photo gallery that hooks into your Picasa Web albums. Android 1.6 "Donut" (someone at Google must have a sweet tooth) added various speed improvements, support for more screen resolutions, and faster camera and camcorder applications. The first major update to Android was 1.5 "Cupcake," which (among other goodies) finally added a native video recorder.

44. So if the current version of Android is 2.2, why are people still complaining about Android phones stuck with version 2.1, or even 1.6?

A. Ah, well, here’s where we find one of the downsides of Google allowing so much diversity in terms of available Android handsets. Don’t get me wrong: Variety is a beautiful thing, especially when it comes to phones. But it also means that each new version of Android must be certified to work on a specific handset — a long and sometimes drawn-out process that can leave users of a particular Android smartphone waiting weeks or even months to get the latest and greatest features. Indeed, manufactures and carriers may decide that it’s not worth the effort to upgrade their older phones to the latest Android version, leaving users high and dry.
On the other hand, only a handful of iPhones exist, which makes it far easier for Apple to roll out a new version of iOS to everyone, all at once — or at least it used to be easy. Because of the hardware demands of iOS 4, we’ve already seen the original iPhone from 2007 get left behind, while users of the second-generation iPhone 3G have complained bitterly that the new iOS has slowed their handsets to a crawl. So it goes.

45. How many apps are available for Android?

A. About 70,000 or so, growing by the day — still just a fraction of the 225,000-plus apps in the Apple App Store, but the official Android Marketplace has quite the head of steam, not to mention plenty of goodwill from the developer community given that Google doesn’t give apps the star-chamber treatment.

46. So, how should I go about picking an Android phone?

A. No question about it: The breadth and variety of Android phones now on the market can be downright bewildering. The easiest way to narrow your choices is pretty obvious: What features and form-factors are you looking for? Do you want a phone with a real QWERTY keypad, or would you prefer one with only an on-screen keypad? Looking for a big screen (like the 4.3-inchers on the Evo 4G or the Droid X) or something that’s an easier fit in your pocket (like, say, the Droid Incredible)? Will you primarily be sending e-mail and text messages (in which case a smaller screen with a QWERTY would work), or are you interested in watching movies and other videos (big display)? Finally, who’s your carrier — or who would you like to be your carrier?
Note, it’s not rocket science.
Once you’ve zeroed in on a phone, find out which version of Android it’s running on. Is it the latest and greatest? (For now, only the Motorola Droid 2 is shipping with Android 2.2, although a 2.2 update for the HTC Evo 4G has finally arrived.) If not, ask when — and whether — an update is on the way.

47. What are the hottest new Android phones out right now?

A. Well, earlier this summer we got the HTC Evo 4G, which supports Sprint’s budding, next-generation WiMax data network and boasts a 4.3-inch display — the same size as the screen on the Motorola Droid X, another eye-popper of a phone, except it’s on Verizon instead of Sprint. Samsung is in the midst of releasing a series of what it calls its Galaxy S-class Android phones: They’re thin and light, they all have high-contrast 4-inch "Super AMOLED" screens, and they’re available (or will be soon) on all four of the big U.S. carriers. If you’re looking for an Android phone with a slide-out QWERTY, consider the new Motorola Droid 2 on Verizon or the upcoming Samsung Epic 4G for Sprint.

48. How will you record a phone call in Android? How to get a handle on Audio Stream for a call in Android?

A. Permissions.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS: Allows an application to monitor, modify, or abort outgoing calls.

49. Why cannot you run standard Java bytecode on Android?

A. Android uses Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) which requires a special bytecode. We need to convert Java class files into Dalvik Executable files using an Android tool called "dx". In normal circumstances, developers will not be using this tool directly and build tools will care for the generation of DVM compatible files.

50. Can you deploy executable JARs on Android? Which packaging is supported by Android?
A. No. Android platform does not support JAR deployments. Applications are packed into Android Package (.apk) using Android Asset Packaging Tool (aapt) and then deployed on to Android platform. Google provides Android Development Tools for Eclipse that can be used to generate Android Package.

51. Android application can only be programmed in Java?
A. False. You can program Android apps in C/C++ using NDK .

Manual Testing Interview Questions

Manual Testing Interview Questions

1. What is meant by QA & QC.

QA:It is process oriented
      it envolve in entire process of software developement.      Preventin oriented.QC:     It is product oriented.     work to examin the quality of product.     Dedection orientd.
2.what is a bug?

A computer bug is an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program that prevents it from working correctly or produces an incorrect result.

3.what is a test case?Testcase is set of input values, execution preconditions,expected results and executionpostconditions, developed for a particular objective or test conditons, such as to exercise a paticular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requiremnt.

4.What is the purpose of test plan in your project?test plan document is prepared by the test lead,it contains the contents like introduction,objectives,test stratergy,scope,test items,program modules userprocedures,features to be tested features not to tested approach,pass or fail criteria,testing process,test deliverables,testing,tasks,responsibilities,resources,schedule,environmental requirements,risks & contingencies,change management procedures,plan approvals,etc all these things help a test manager undersatnd the testing he should do &what he should follow for testing that particular project.

5.When the relationship occur between tester and developer?developer is the one who sends the application to the tester by doing all the necessary code in the application and sends the marshal id to the tester.The tester is the one who gives all the input/output and checks whether he is getting reqd output or not.A developer is the one who works on inside interfacing where as the tester is the one who works on outside interfacing

6.when testing will starts in a project?the testing is not getting started after the coding.after release the build the testers perform the smoke test.smoke test is the first test which is done by the testing team.this is according to the testing team.but, before the releasing of a build the developers will perform the unit testing.

7.If a bug has high severity then usually that is treated as high priority,then why do priority given by testengineers/project managers and severity given by testers?High severity bugs affects the end users ....testers tests an application with the users point of view, hence it is given as high severity.High priority is given to the bugs which affects the production.Project managers assign a high priority based on production point of view.

8.what is the difference between functional testing and regresion testingfunctional testing is a testing process where we test the functionality/behaviour of each functional component of the application...i.e.minimize button,transfer button,links etc.i.e we check what is each component doing in that application...regression testing is the testing the behaviour of the application of the unchanged areas when there is a change in the build.i.e we chk whether the changed requirement has altered the behaviour of the unchanged areas.the impacted area may be the whole of the application orsome part of the application...
10.do u know abt integration testing,how do u intregate diff modules?integration testing means testing an application to verify the data flows between the module.for example, when you are testing a bank application ,in account balence it shows the100$as the available balence.but in database it shows the 120$. main thing is "integration done by the developers and integration testing done by the testers"

11.do u know abt configuration management tool,what is the purpose of maintaining all the documents in configuration manage ment tool?It is focused primarily on maintaining the file changes in the history.Documents are subjected to change For ex: consider the Test case document .Initially you draft the Test cases document and place it in Version control tool(Visual Source Safe for ex).Then you send it for Peer Review .They will provide some comments and that document will be saved in VSS again.Similary the document undergoes changes and all the changes history will be maintained in Version control.It helps in referring to the previous version of a document.Also one person can work on a document (by checking out) at a time.Also it keeps track who has done the changes ,time and date.Generally all the Test Plan, Test cases,Automation desgin docs are placed in VSS.Proper access rights needs to be given so that the documents dont get deleted or modified.

12.How you test database and explain the procedure?Database Testing is purely done based on the requirements. You may generalize a few features but they won't be complete. In general we look at1. Data Correctness (Defaults)2. Data Storage/Retreival3. Database Connectivity (across multiple platforms)4. Database Indexing5. Data Integrity6. Data Security

13.suppose if you press a link in yahooshopping site in leads to some other company website?how to test if any problem in linking from one site to another site?1)first i will check whether the mouse cusor is turning into hand icon or not?2)i will check the link is highlingting when i place the curosr on the link or not?3)the site is opening or not?4)if the site is opening then i will check is it opening in another window or the same window that the link itself exitst(to check userfriendly ness of the link)5)how fast that website is opening?6)is the correct site is opening according to the link?7)all the items in the site are opeing or not?8)all other sublinks are opening or not?

14.what are the contents of FRS?F → Function BehavioursR → Requirements (Outputs) of the System that is defined.S → Specification ( How, What, When, Where, and Way it behavior's.FRS  →  Function Requirement Specification. This is a Document which contains the Functional behaviorof the system or a feature. This document is also know as EBS External Behaviour Specification - Document. Or EFS External Function  Specification.

15.what is meant by Priority nad severity?Priority means "Importance of the defect w.r.t cutomer requirement"Severity means "Seriousness of the defect w.r.t functionality"

16.what is meant by Priority nad severity?Severity:  1. This is assigned by the Test Engineer2. This is to say how badly the devation that is occuring is affecting the other modules of the build or release.Priority:1. This is assigned by the Developer.2. This is to say how soon the bug as to be fixed in the main code, so that it pass the basic requirement.Eg., The code is to generate some values with some vaild input conditions. The priority will be assigned so based on the following conditions:a> It is not accepting any valueb> It is accepting value but output is in non-defined format (say Unicode Characters).    A good example i used some unicode characters to generate a left defined arrow, it displayed correctly but after saving changes it gave some address value from thestack of this server. For more information mail me i will let you know.

17.give me some example for high severity and low priority defect?if suppose the title of the particular concern is not spelled corectly,it would give a negative impact.eg ICICC is spelled as a tittle for the project of the concern ICICI.then it is a high severity,low priority defect.

18.what is basis for testcase review?the main basis for the test case review is1.testing techniques oriented review2.requirements oriented review3.defects oriented review.
19.what are the contents of SRS documents?Software requirements specifications and Functional requirements specifications.

20.What is difference between the Web application testing and Client Server testing?Testing the application in intranet(withoutbrowser) is an example for client -server.(The company firewalls for the server are not open to outside world. Outside people cannot access the application.)So there will be limited number of people using that application.Testing an application in internet(using browser) is called webtesting. The application which is accessable by numerous numbers around the world(World wide web.)So testing web application, apart from the above said two testings there are many other testings to be done depending on the type of web application we are testing.If it is a secured application (like banking site- we go for security testing etc.)If it is a ecommerce testing application we go for Usability etc.. testings.

21.Explain your web application archtechture?web application is tested in 3 phases1. web tier testing --> browser compatibility 2. middle tier testing --> functionality, security3. data base tier testing --> database integrity, contents

22.suppose the product/appication has to deliver to client at 5.00PM,At that time you or your team member caught a high severity defect at 3PM.(Remember defect is high severity)But the the client is cannot wait for long time.You should deliver the product at 5.00Pm exactly.then what is the procedure you follow?the bug is high severity only so we send the application to the client and find out the severity is preyority or not. if its preyority then we ask him to wait.Here we found defects/bugs in the last minute of the deliveryor realese dateThen we have two options1.explain the situation to client and ask some more time  to fix the bug.2.If the client is not ready to give some some time then analyse the impact of defect/bug and try to find    workarounds for the defect and mention these issues   in the release notes as known issues or known   limitations or known bugs.  Here the workaround means remeady process to be followed  to overcome the  defect effect.3.Normally this known issues or known limitations(defects) will be fixed in next version or next release of the  software

23.Give me examples for  high priority and low severity defects?Suppose in one banking application there is one module ATM Facility. in that ATM facility when ever we are dipositing/withdrawing money it is not showing any conformation message but actually at the back end it is happening properly with out any mistake means only missingof message . in this case as it is happenig properly so there is nothing wrong with the application but as end user is not getting any conformation message so he/she will beconfuse for this.So we can consider this issue as HIGH Priority but LOW Severity defects..

24.Explain about Bug life cycle?1)tester->2) open defect->3)send to developer4)->if accepted moves to step5 else sends the bug to tester gain5)fixed by developer ->6)regression testing->7)no problem inbuilt and signoff8)->if problem in built reopen the issue send to step3

25.How can you report the defect using excel sheet?To report the defect using excel sheetMention    :    The Feture that been effected.mention    :    Test Case ID  (Which fail you can even mention any other which are              dependency on this bug)Mention    :    Actual BehaviorMention    :    Expected Behavior as mentioned in Test Case or EFS or EBS or SRS document                                                                                     with sectionMention    :    Your Test Setup used during TestingMention    :    Steps to Re-Produce the bugMention    :    Additional InfoMention    :    Attach a Screen Shot if it is a GUI bugMention    :    Which other features it is blocking because of this bug that you are unable to                      execute the test cases.Mention    : How much time you took to execute that test case or follow that specific TC                  which leaded to bug

26.If you have executed 100 test cases ,every test case passed but apart from these testcase you found some defect for which testcase is not prepared,thwn how you can report the bug?While reporting this bug into bugtracking tool you will generate the testcase imean put the steps to reproduce the bug.

27.what is the diffn betn web based application and client server applicationThe basic difference between web based application & client server application is that the web application are 3 trier & client based are 2 trier.In web based changes are made at one place & it is refelected on other layers also whereas client based separate changes need be installed on client machine also.

28.what is testplan? and can you tell the testplan contents?Test plan is a high level document which explains the test strategy,time lines and available resources in detail.Typically a test plan contains:-Objective-Test strategy-Resources-Entry criteria-Exit criteria-Use cases/Test cases-Tasks-Features to be tested and not tested-Risks/Assumptions.

29.How many testcases can you write per a day, an average figure?Complex test cases 4-7 per dayMedium test cases 10-15 per dayNormal test cases 20-30 per day

30.Who will prepare FRS(functional requirement documents)?What is the importent of FRS?
The Business Analyst will pre pare the FRS.Based on this we are going to prepare test cases.It contains1. Over view of the project2. Page elements of the Application(Filed Names)3. Proto type of the of the application4. Business rules and Error States5. Data Flow diagrams6. Use cases contains Actor and Actions and System Responces

31.How you can decide the number of testcases are enough for testing the given module?The developed test cases are coverd all the functionality of the application we can say testcases are enough.If u know the functionality covered or not u can use RTM.

32.What is the difference between Retesting and Data Driven Testing?Retesting:it is manual process in which apllication will be tested with entire new set of data.DataDriven Testing(DDT)-It is a Automated testing process inwhich application is tested with multiple test data.DDT is very easy procedure than retesting because the tester should sit and need to give different new inputsmanually from front end and it is very tedious and boringprodedure.

33.what is regression testing?After the Bug fixed ,testing the application whether the fixed bug is affecting remaining functionality of the application or not.Majorly in regression testing Bug fixed module and it'sconnected modules are checked for thier integrity after bug fixation.

34.how do u test web application?Web applicatio testingweb application shold have the following features like1.Attractive User Interface(logos,fonts,alignment)2.High Usability options3.Securiry features(if it has login feature)4.Database(back end).5.Perfromance(appearing speed of the application on client    system)6.Able to work on different Browers(Browser compatibility)  ,O.S compatibility(technicalled called as portability)7.Broken link testing.........etcso we need to follow out the following test strategy.1.Functionality Testing2.Performance Testing(Load,volume,Stress,Scalability)3.Usability Testing4.User Interface Testing(colors,fonts,alignments...)5.Security Testing6.Browser compatibility Testing(differnt versions and    different browser)7.Brokenlink and Navigation Testing8.Database(backend)Testing(data integrity)9.Portability testing(Multi O.s Support)....etc

35.how do u perform regression testing,means what test cases u select for regressionRegression testing will be conducted after any bug fixedor any functionality changed.During defect fixing procedure some part of coding may be changed or functionality may be manipulated.In this case the old testcases will be updated or completely re writtenaccording to new features of the application where bug fixed area.Here  possible areas are old test cases will be executed as usual or some new testcases will be added to existing testcases or some testcases may be deleted.

36.what r the client side scripting languages and server side scripting languagesclient side scripting langages are                     javascript,VbScript,PHP...etcServer side Scripting languages are                    Perl,JSP,ASP,PHP..etcClent side scipting languages are useful to validate the inputs or user actions from userside or client side.Server side Scripting languages are to validate the  inputs at server side.This scripting languages provide security for the application. and also provides  dynamic nature to web or client server applicationcleint side scripting is good because it won't send the unwanted input's to server for validation.from frontend it self it validated the user inputs and restricts the user activities and guides him

37.if a very low defect (user interface )is detected by u and the developer not compramising with that defect what will u do?user interface defect is a high visibility defect and easy to reproduce.Follow the below procedure1.Reproduce the defect2.Capture the defect screen shots3.Document  the proper inputs that you are used to get the    defect in the derfect report3.send the defect report with screen shots,i/ps and procedure for  defect  reproduction.before going to this you must check your computer hard ware configuration that is same as developper system configuration.and anlso check the system graphic drivers are properlyinstalled or not.if the problem in graphic drivers the User interface error will come.so first check your side if it is correct from your sidethen report the defect by following the above method.

38.if u r only person in the office and client asked u for some changes and u didn,t get what the client asked for what will u do?Onething  here is very important.Nobody will ask test engineer to change software that isnot your duty,even if it is related to testing and anybody is not there try to listen care fully if you are not understand ask him again and inform to the corresponding people immediately.Here the cleint need speedy service,we(our company) should not get any blame from customer side.

39.how to get top two salaries from employee tablesSelect * from emp e where 2>=(select count(*) from emp e where sal>e.sal) order by  desc sal.

40.How many Test-Cases can be written for the calculator having 0-9 buttons, Add,Equalto buttons.The testcases should be focussed only on add-functionality but mot GUI.What are those test-cases?Test-Cases for the calculatorso here we have 12 buttons totalie 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,ADD,Equalto -12 buttonshere u can press atleat 4 buttons at a time minimum for example   0+1= for zero u should press 'zero' labled buttonfor plus u should press '+' labled buttonfor one  u should press 'one'  labled buttonfor equalto u should press 'equalto'  labled button 0+1=here + and = positions will not varyso first number position can be varied from 0 to 9 i.e from permutation and combinations u can fill that space in 10 waysin the same waysecond number position  can be varied from 0 to 9 i.e from permutation and combinations u can fill that space in 10 waysTotal number of possibilities are =10x10=100This is exhaustive testing methodology and this is not possible in all cases.In mathematics we have one policy that the the function satisfies the starting and ending values of a range then it can  satisfy  for entire range of values from starting to ending.then we check the starting conditions i.e one test case for '0+0=' (expected values you know thatis '0')then another testcase for '9+9='(expected values you know thatis '18')only two testcases are enough to test the calculator functionality.

41.what is positive and negative testing explian with example?Positive Testing - testing the system by giving the valid data.Negative Testing - testing the system by giving the Invalid data.For Ex,an application contains a textbox and as per the user's Requirements the textbox should accept only Strings.By providing only String as input data to the textbox & to check whether its working properly or not means it is Positive Testing.If giving the input other than String means it is negative Testing..

42.How will you prepare Test plan. What are the techniques involved in preparing the Test plan.Test plan means planning for the release. This includes Project backgroundTest Objectives: Brief overview and description of the documentTest Scope: setting the boundariesFeatures being tested (Functionalities)Hardware requirementsSoftware requirementsEntrance Criteria (When to start testing):       Test environment established, Builder received from developer, Test case prepared and reviewed.Exit criteria (when to stop testing):   All bug status cycle are closed, all functionalities are tested, and all high and medium bugs are resolved.Project milestones: dead lines

43.What are the Defect Life Cycle?Defect life cycle is also called as bug life cycle. It has 6stages namely1.new: found new bug2.assigned: bud assigned to developer3.open : developer is fixing the bug4.fixed : developer has fixed the bug5.retest: tester retests the application6.closed/reopened: if it is ok tester gives closed stauselse he reopens and sends back to developer.

44.Expalin about metrics Management?Metrics: is nothing but a measurement analysis.Measurment analysis and Improvement is one of the process area in CMM I L2.

45.What is performance Testing and Regression Testing?Performance Testing:-testing the present wroking condition of the productRegression Testing:-Regression Testing is checking for the newly added functionality causing any erros interms of functionality and the common functionality should be stablein the latest and the previous versions

46.How do you review testcase?? Type of Review...types of reviewing testcases depends upon company standards,viz..,peer review,team lead review,roject manager review.Some times client may also review the test cases reg what is approach following for project
47.In which way tester get Build A, BUild B, ....Build Z of an application, just explain the process..After preparation of testcases project manager will release software release note in that Document there will be URL path  of the website link from from that we will receivethe build In case of web server projects, you will be provided with an URL or a 92.168.***.*** (Web address) which will help you access the project using a browser from your system.In case of Client server, the build is placed in the VSS (Configuration tool) which will help you get the .exe downloaded to your computer.

48.apart from bug reporting wat is ur involvement in projectlife cycleAs a Test engineer We design test cases,prepare testcases Execute Testcases, track the bugs, analyse the results report the bugs. invovled in regression testing, performance of systemtesting  system intergration testing At last preparation of Test summary Report

49.contents of test reportThere are two documents,which should be prepared at particual phase.1.Test Results document.2.Test Report document.Test Results doc will be preapred at the phase of each type of Testing like FULL FUNCTIONAL TEST PASS,REGRESSION TEST PASS,SANITY TEST PASS etc...Test case execution againestthe application.Once you prepared this doc,we will send the doc to our TL and PM.By seeing the Test Results doc ,TL will come to know the coverage part of the testcase.Here Iam giving you the contents used in the Test Results doc.1.Build No2.Version Name3.Client OS4.Feature set5.Main Feature6.Defined Testcases on each feature.7.QA engineer Name8.Test ecases executed.(Includes pass and fail)9.Testcases on HOLD(Includes blocking testcases and deferred Testcases)10.Covereage Report(Which includes the coverage ratings in % ,like % of testcases covered,% of testcases failed)Coming to Test report,generally we will prepare Test report ,once we rolled out the product to our client.This document will be prepared by TL and delivered to the client.Mainly,this document describes the what we have done in the project,chievements we have reached,ourlearnings in throughout the project etc...The other name for Test report is Project Closure Report and we will summerize the all the activities,which have taken place in through out the project.Here I am giving your the contents covered in the Test Report.1.Test Environment(Should be covered the OS,Application or webservers,Mahchine names,Database,etc...)2.Test Methods(Types of Tests,we have done in the project like Functional Testing,Platform Testing,regression Testing,etc..3.Major areas Covered.4.Bug Tracking Details.(Includes inflow and outflow of the bus in our delivered project)5.Work schedule(When we start the testing and we finished)6.Defect Analasys6.1 Defects logged in different types of tests like Funcational Test,regressiion Test as per area wised.6.2 State of the Defects at end of the Test cycle.6.3 Root cause analysys for the bugs marked as NOT A BUG.7.QA observations or learnings throught the life cycle.

50.write high level test casesWrite all the testcases under high level TC,which can be covered the main functionalities likecreation,edition,deletion,etc....as per prescribed in the screen.Wrtie all the testcases under low level TC,which can be covered the screen,like input fields are displayed as per the requirements,buttons are enabled or disabled,and testcase for low priority functionalities.Example a screen contains two edit boxes login and password and a pust buttons OK and Reset and check box for the label "Remember my password".Now let us write high level TCand low level  test cases.HIGH LEVEL TC1.Verify that User is able to login with valid login and valid password.2.Verify that User is not able to login with invalid login and valid password.etc.....3.Verify that Reset button clears the filled screen.4.Verify that a pop up message is displayed for blank login.etc...etc..LOW LEVEL TC1.Verify that after launching the URL of the application below fields are displayes in the screen.1.Login Name 2.Password.3.OK BUTTON 4.RESET button etc..5.check box,provided for the label "remember my pwd" is unchecked.2.Verify that OK button should be disabled before selecting login and passwrod fields.3.Verify that OK button should ne enabled after selecting login and password.4.Verify that User is able to check the check box,providedfor the label "remember my pwd".etc..In this way,we can categorise all the testcases under HIGH LEVEL and LOW LEVEL.

51.wat is test scenarioTest scenario will be framed on basis of the requrement,which need to be checked.For that,we will frame set of testcases,in other terms,we can say all the conditions,which can be determined the testing coverage againest business requirement.Please see the below example,which is exactly matched to my explanation.As we know all most all the application are having login screen,which contains login name and password.Here is the test scenario for login screen.Scenario: USER'S LOGINCondtions to be checked to test the above scenario:----------------------------------------------------1.Test login field and Password fields indicisually.2.Try to login with valid login and valid password.3.Try to login with invaling login and valid pwd. etcc........................................

52.wat is build durationit is a tine gap between old version build and new version build  in new version build some new extra features are added

53.wat is test deliverablesTest deliverables are nothing but documents preparing after testing like test plan document  testcase template bugreport templateTest deliverables will be delivered to the client not only for the completed  activities ,but also for the activites,which we are implementing for the better productivity.(As per the company's standards).Here I am giving you some of the Test deliverables in my project.1.QA TestPlan2.Testcase Docs3.QA Testplan,if we are using Automation.4.Automation scripts5.QA Coverage Matrix and defect matrix.6.Traceability Matrix7.Test Results doc8.QA Schesule doc(describes the deadlines)9.Test Report or Project Closure Report.(Prepared once we rolled out the project to client)10.Weekly status report(sent by PM to the client)11.Release Notes.

54.wat is ur involvement  in test planTest lead is involved in preparing test plan test entgineers are no way related in preparing test plan role TE is testcase design ,and execution and bugtraking and reporting them Genarally TL is involed in preparation of the TestPlan.But it is not mandatory only TL will take main part in the preparaion of the TP.Test engineer can suggest to TL,if he(or) she has good understanding on project and resources,if he or she has more exp with the project,if TL is wrongly given deadlines.If your suggestions are valid,TL will incorporate all of them to the TestPlan.But in most of the companies Test engineers are just audians.

55.which test cases are not to be automatedAll the test cases which are related to a feature of the product, that keeps on changing (there are always some or the other enhancements in it). Frequent enhancements may change the UI, add/remove few controls. Hence such cases, if automated, would involve lot of a intenance
56.if a project is long term project , requirements are also changes then test plan will change or not?why
Yes..definitely. If requirement changes, the design documents, specifications (for that particualr module which implements the requiremnts) will also change. Hence the test plan would also need to be updated. This is because "REsource Allocation" is one section in the testplan. We would need to write new test cases,review, and execute it. Hence resource allocation would have to be done accordingly. As a result the Test plan would change

57.explain VSSVirtual Sourse Safe...After complition of all phages From devolopment side devoloper store the code in devolopment folder of VSS,Testing team copying code from that folder to testing folder, after compliting above phages from testing, testers put the build in base line folder.It is version contrrole ToolMainly useful to devoloper, to storing code and maintains version Copying a code from VSS By devoloper is called CHECK-IN Upload the code in to VSS is called CHECK-OUT.

58.who will assign severity & prioritythe tester/dev should give the priority based on severity of the bugSeverity means: is the impact of the bug on the app.i.e seriousness of the bug interms of the  functionality.Priority means: is how soon it should get fixed i.e importance of the bug interms of customer

59.What is the Difference between Stub Testing and Driver Testing?stub testing:In top down approach,a core module is developed.to test that core module, small dummy modules r used.so stubs r small dummy modules that test the core module.Driver testing:in bottom up approach, small modules r developed.to test them a dummy core module called driver is developed.

60.What is a "Good Tester"?Is one who tries to break the developers software and in a position to venture the bugs. so that atleast 80% bugs free software can deliver.

How to add an attachment in Gmail using selenium RC/Webdriver

Can some one tell me how can i add attachment in Gmail/Yahoo mail using selenium RC/Webdriver. Please help me out in this situation. Thanks in advance. Answer: Install Autoit in your machine. Write an AutoIT script as shown below. WinWaitActive("Choose file") \\specify the name of the choose window Send("C:\attach\samplefile.txt") \\location of the file you want to attach Send("{ENTER}") After writing the code, save a the file as attach.exe Add the below line to your selenium code(if using java) Runtime.getRuntime().exec("c:\\path\\attach.exe"); The above will be helpful in adding an attachment. Hope it helps!

How to link Android Emulator or Device to run Python script via Eclipse

How to link Android Emulator or Device to run Python script via Eclipse.

Hi actually am writing python scripts in-order to launch android application using eclipse IDE, as am able to import android package and all but dono how to link/connect android emulator and device inorder to run those scrips.

Please do help me in-order to fix this issue.

Thanks in Advance.

Regards,

Murali.G

Selenium RC got stucks at “Checking resource aliases”

Am new bee to this selenium actually i got one problem when running this selenium RC.

Actually i have recorded one script via selenium IDE and save it as test.html and able to run the script via selenium IDE is working, but when am trying to run the script via selenium RC it got stucks at some point "Checking resource aliases"

command for running the script via command prompt : java -jar selenium-server.jar -htmlSuite "*firefox" "www.google.com" "test.html" -port 4445

Please do helpme out and let me know the exact reason why it got stucked over there.